Jeg har lige sakset konklusionen på Andrés link. Rimeligt dybdegående studie men ganske interessant.
Kort fortalt gør kortslutningsringene svingspolen en mere resitiv belastning (nedsætter impedansen) og nedsætter og lineariserer back EMF.
Desuden nedsættes intermodulationsforvrængning.
Eneste ulempe er at følsomheden sænkes en smule, så alt i alt er det ikke så tosset en idé.
Mvh,
Karsten
The Benefits of Usage of Shorting Rings:
Under the light of the information represented above, we can now comfortably
look at what benefits that comes with the usage of shorting rings. The most immediate
and apparent one is the reduction of the impedance rise with increasing frequency. This
means the sensitivity of the driver as frequency increases will be increased with the usage
of a shorting ring. This is commonly stated as the shorting ring extending the high
frequency roll off of the driver.
Second benefit comes from the fact that shorting ring reduces the effective
inductance value of the voice coil at a given frequency. In an earlier section we had
discussed the causes of the nonlinearity of the voice coil inductance and its detrimental
effects. One way to look at this is, by reducing the effective value of voice coil
inductance, these detrimental effects will also be reduced, including the nonlinearity
caused by the operation on the nonlinear part of the B-H curve, or the hysterisis of the BH
curve. Then we had mentioned there was also the nonlinearity problem of voice coil
inductance being dependent on the position of the voice coil. A shorting ring will be a
remedy to this by simply the fact that it will reduce the inductance of the voice coil. Even
if it still gets modulated with position of the voice coil, this change in modulation will
have less effect because the average value of voice coil inductance is reduced but the
resistance of the voice coil remains the same. With the average value of the voice coil
reduces, resistance of the voice coil has more say on the impedance, and the changes that
the inductance part goes through have less effect on the voltage to current relation. And
with careful positioning of multiple shorting rings, not only the voice coil inductance
value can be reduced, but also the modulation of it by excursion. We will not go into
detail of this here, but a case of it can be found at B&W’s “Development of the 700
Series” white paper, available at
http://www.bwspeakers.com/downloadFile/ ... epaper.pdf
Since we were focused on the effect of shorting ring to the voice coil impedance,
so far we have only slightly touched to the effect on the reduction of the modulation of
the air gap flux by the usage of shorting ring. Considering the information presented so
far, it is obvious that the shorting ring effect on the voice coil impedance is a result of the
way it reduces the amount of flux modulation the voice coil current would cause if
shorting ring didn’t exist. This lies at the core of how it reduces the rise of the impedance
of the voice coil. Since the magnetic flux change caused by voice coil current is
transmitted into the flux inside the air gap by the high permeability iron pole piece; the
voice coil current also modulates the flux inside the air gap, which is supposed to be
constant for the linear operation of the driver. By reducing the magnetic flux change
caused by the voice coil, the modulation of the air gap flux will also be automatically
reduced. Since this is what the shorting rings do, they will also be reducing the
modulation of the air gap magnetic flux by the voice coil current. It means shorting ring
will not only reduce the nonlinearities associated with the voice coil inductance, it will
also be reducing the nonlinearities caused by the modulation of the air gap field.
And as a last note, lets go back to the induced EMF caused by the movement of
the voice coil and Qe. In an earlier section we gave the equation of the induced EMF of a
driver caused by the movement of the voice coil in (12). We had said there that the
shorting rings don’t have any direct relationship to this. Now we are better equipped to
comment on it. Since the only things that determine the motion caused induced EMF are
the magnetic field inside the gap, the length of coil inside the gap and end the velocity of
the voice coil, let us see what can the existence of a shorting ring do to it. The velocity in
that equation is the variable causing the EMF, so we are not interested in it. Since
shorting ring doesn’t have any effect on the physical shape of the voice coil, the length of
voice coil inside the air gap is not affected by a shorting ring’s existence. But since
shorting ring reduces the modulation of the magnetic field inside the air gap, it means it
will make the motion induced EMF more linear. This also means it will make the Qe,
which is a result of the induced EMF by the motion of the voice coil, independent from
the magnitude of voice coil current. If the voice coil current modulates the field in the
gap, Qe will also be modulated by the voice coil current.
In short, the shorting rings are good to have, as long as their shape and position is
well thought out and placed on the motor. The only problem they bring is they generally
reduce the sensitivity of the driver, because either they cause to widen the air gap if they
are placed in there, or they cause the shape of the pole piece to be made such that a it
won’t be able to channel the maximum amount of flux to the air gap.